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| Brighton Wheel ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Brighton Wheel
The Brighton Wheel, also known during its planning and construction phase as the Brighton O and the Wheel of Excellence, is a transportable Ferris wheel installation erected in October 2011 on the seafront in Brighton, part of the English city of Brighton and Hove. It has planning permission to remain in place until 2016. Situated below the East Cliff near Brighton Pier and built with private funding, its promoters anticipate that several hundred thousand visitors per year will experience the 12-minute ride. The wheel's location in a conservation area with many residential buildings has proved controversial.
==History==
The East Cliff, rising eastwards from Old Steine—the original fashionable centre of Brighton in the 18th century—was developed as a prestigious residential area from the early 19th century. Madeira Drive was built at the base of the cliff in 1823 and was extended to form a long, wide carriageway in 1872 and 1895. Early tourist attractions in the area included The Royal Suspension Chain Pier (1823), Brighton Aquarium (1872),〔 Volk's Electric Railway (1883) and the Palace Pier (1899; now styled Brighton Pier). About of the East Cliff area was designated a conservation area in 1973—one of 34 conservation areas in Brighton and Hove.
Paramount Attractions, a local company,〔 first proposed the construction of a Ferris wheel on Brighton seafront in 2009. They applied for a temporary planning order to erect a wheel with 32 gondolas on the beach near the ruined West Pier. It would have stood opposite the Metropole Hotel very close to the proposed i360, a observation tower that had received planning permission in 2006 and on which some preliminary construction work had begun.〔 The i360's developers objected to the planning application, as did the Metropole Hotel, conservationists and local residents—although there was also "vocal support"〔 for Paramount's plan. The company withdrew the planning application in January 2010, just before Brighton and Hove City Council's expected rejection of it. At this stage, the name "Brighton O" was used for the scheme.〔
In March 2011, Paramount Attractions stated that they would submit a new application for a wheel of a similar size but with a different design—the proposed wheel near the West Pier would have had no spokes. The company chose a different site as well: on Madeira Drive about east of Brighton Pier.〔 The wheel's expected cost was £6 million,〔 for which Paramount said they had secured funding.〔 The application was submitted by the end of March, and an objection was soon received from The Regency Society. The conservation group, founded in 1945 by a group of architects, MPs and other prominent residents, stated that the wheel would affect the residential area of the East Cliff because houses would be overlooked, sea views would be blocked and a major tourist attraction was unsuitable for what was a "relatively quiet area" of the seafront. After taking this and other statements of support and objection into account, Brighton and Hove City Council granted temporary planning permission until May 2016 during a meeting on 27 April 2011.〔〔 The council granted permission for the wheel to be open between 10:00 am and midnight each day, but Paramount subsequently changed the closing time to 11:00 pm.〔 The structure also required a Highway Licence before it could be built, which was granted on 25 August 2011.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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